"[All locations in South Dakota unless otherwise specified. Peak of record flow is the maximum instantaneous peak flow that has been recorded for the period of record for the gaging station. Relative magnitude of event: 1, extreme; 2, severe; 3, moderate; 4, minor; 5, very minor; ft3/s, cubic feet per second; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; X, indicates applicable magnitude; --, not applicable or unknown]"																												
Date of storm	Date of flood	Relative magnitude of event					Primary stream	Secondary stream(s)	Primary town or area	Secondary town or area	Description of event	Source of information1																
		1	2	3	4	5																						
"July 13, 1877"	"July 13, 1877"	--	--	--	--	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Damage reported to roads and cabins from biggest storm yet chronicled in the Black Hills.	"Black Hills Daily Times (July 13, 1877)."																
"Apr. 16–17, 1878"	"Apr. 18, 1878"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"High water reported for Rapid Creek, with some damage in Rapid City."	"Black Hills Journal (Apr. 20, 1878)."																
May 1878	"May 22–23, 1878"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	Whitewood and Deadwood Creeks	Rapid City	Deadwood	Flooding occurred in Rapid City and Deadwood.	"Black Hills Journal (May 25, 1878)."																
--	"June 10–11, 1878"	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 7,500 ft3/s for Rapid Creek for June 10–11, 1878.  Three other smaller floods reported during 1878."	Miller (1986). 																
--	1878	--	--	--	--	--	Whitewood Creek	Deadwood Creek	Deadwood	--	Substantial flooding occurred on unknown date.  Very heavy snows reported during winter months.	Tallent (1899). 																
--	Apr.–June  1878	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	Whitewood Creek	Rapid City	Deadwood/Lead	"Minor damage reported for April, May, and June 1878."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	"July 12, 1878"	--	--	--	--	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood/Lead	--	Freight train (10 ox wagons) washed downstream.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	"July 12, 1878"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Rapid Creek rose 10 feet and one life was lost.  Unclear if date was July 12 or June 10–11, 1878."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 12, 1879"	"June 12–13, 1879"	--	X	X	--	--	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	Eleven deaths reported from flooding along Beaver Creek near Buffalo Gap.	"Black Hills Journal (June 14, 1879)."																
"June 10, 1879"	"June 10–11, 1879"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Flood damage reported in Rapid City area.  	"Black Hills Journal (June 15, 1879)."																
June 1879	June 1879	--	X	X	--	--	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	Six bodies recovered from the flood near Buffalo Gap.	"Black Hills Daily Times (June 17, 1879)."																
June 1879	June 1879	--	X	X	--	--	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	Five victims still missing from flood near Buffalo Gap.	"Black Hills Daily Times (June 18, 1879)."																
June 1879	June 1879	--	X	X	--	--	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	At least four victims reported missing in flood near Buffalo Gap.	"Black Hills Journal (June 21, 1879)."																
"Mar. 4–5, 1882"	"Mar. 5, 1882"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	--	--	Northwestern coaches on Pierre Road delayed.	"Black Hills Journal (Mar. 10, 1882)."																
Apr. 1882	Apr. 1882	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	Cheyenne River reported as being high for several days.	"Black Hills Journal (Apr. 28, 1882)."																
"May 7, 1882"	"May 7, 1882"	--	--	--	X	X	Spring Creek	--	--	--	Two reservoirs washed out along Spring Creek (near current location of Sheridan Lake).	"Black Hills Journal (May 12, 1882)."																
"July 5, 1882"	"July 5, 1882"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	Rapid Creek rose 5 feet in one-half hour.  Same flood as reported by Miller (1986).	"Black Hills Journal (July 7, 1882)."																
"July 5, 1882"	"July 5, 1882"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Rapid Creek rose 5 feet in one-half hour.  	Miller (1986). 																
"July 28, 1882"	"July 28, 1882"	--	--	--	X	--	Redwater River	--	--	--	Storm reported as severe beyond precedent. Caused rise of 25 feet in confined places along Redwater River.  Damage to crops and stock reported.	"Black Hills Journal (Aug. 4, 1882)."																
May 1883	"May 11, 1883"	--	--	X	--	--	Whitewood Creek	Spearfish Creek	"Deadwood, Spearfish"	Pennington	Heavy damage reported for Deadwood.  About one-third of Spearfish washed away.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (May 18, 1883)."																
"May 17–18, 1883"	"May 18–19, 1883"	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Deadwood	--	This 1907 article recounted events of the 1883 flood in Deadwood.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (May 19, 1907)."																
--	"May 16, 1883"	--	--	X	X	--	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Photographs of Deadwood flood.	"Adams Museum, Deadwood, S. Dak."																
May 1883	"May 17, 1883"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 8,400 ft3/s occurred on Rapid Creek on May 17, 1883.  Torrential rain and snowmelt occurred."	Miller (1986). 																
May 1883	"May 11, 1883"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	Whitewood Creek	Rapid Valley	Deadwood	Considerable damage reported for Rapid Valley and in Deadwood.	"Black Hills Journal (May 18, 1883)."																
"May 17, 1883"	"May 18, 1883"	--	--	X	X	--	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Reported rising water from snow melt.  Paragraph refers to a lengthier article.	"Black Hills Daily Times (May 18, 1883)."																
"May 17–18, 1883"	"May 17–18, 1883"	--	--	--	X	X	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	Lower part of Spearfish reported to be flooded.	"Black Hills Daily Times (May 20, 1883)."																
"May 17–18, 1883"	"May 17–18, 1883"	--	--	--	X	X	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	Heavy rainfall reported with flooding in Spearfish Creek.	"Dakota Register (May 19, 1883)."																
--	"May 17, 1883"	--	--	X	X	--	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Aftermath of Deadwood flood described. Article attributes exacerbation of flooding to accumulation of mine tailings in stream channels.	"Black Hills Daily Times (May 20, 1883)."																
"May 17–18, 1883"	"May 17, 1883"	--	--	X	X	--	Whitewood and Rapid Creeks	"Elk, Boxelder, Castle, Spring, and Battle Creeks"	"Deadwood, Rapid City"	--	"Severe flood destroyed most low-lying areas in Deadwood.  Elk Creek was high, but minimal damage.  Boxelder and Spring Creeks were higher than ever known.  Probably the largest known flood to date in Rapid City (see Miller, 1986) with flooding reported along Castle Creek.  Battle Creek reported as high.  Cheyenne River reported at unprecedented height."	"Black Hills Journal (May 25, 1883)."																
"May 17–18, 1883"	"May 17–18, 1883"	--	--	--	X	X	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	"Article described flood damage in Spearfish Creek as worst in the brief history of the town, but not as bad as things might have been."	"Dakota Register (May 26, 1883)."																
May 1883	May 1883	--	--	--	--	--	Numerous - Black Hills wide	--	--	--	"Article described heavy extended rain covering entire Black Hills area, with flooding throughout the entire region.  Heavy floods reported for Rapid and Hat Creeks and that ""water extended from bluff to bluff"" on the Cheyenne River downstream from the Belle Fourche River."	Johnson (1949). 																
"June 15, 1883"	"June 15, 1883"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	Boxelder and Elk Creeks	Rapid City	--	"Very heavy storm occurred ""5 to 8 miles west of the foothills.""  Rapid Creek reported as larger than in previous years, but May 17–18, 1883, not referenced.  Very high flows reported along Boxelder and Elk Creeks, with substantial damage."	"Black Hills Weekly Journal (June 22, 1883)."																
--	"Aug. 27, 1884"	--	X	X	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"The design document for Cottonwood Springs Dam indicates a report from ""pioneer residents"" of a peak stage in 1884 that was 6 feet higher than the 1938 flood.  The design document for Cold Brook Dam indicates historical high-water marks for the same 1884 date that are 7 feet higher than in 1937, with the 1937 flow shown as about 15 percent larger than the 1938 flow."	"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (1950, 1966)."																
"June 17, 1885"	"June 17, 1885"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Heavy rain caused Rapid Creek to rise out of its banks.	"Black Hills Weekly Journal (June 19, 1885)."																
"June 17, 1885"	"June 17, 1885"	--	--	--	--	X	Castle Creek	--	--	--	Some bridges destroyed upstream from confluence with Rapid Creek.	"Rapid City Journal (June 19, 1885)."																
"June 20, 1885"	"June 20, 1885"	--	--	--	--	X	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	Wave of water 4 to 6 feet high flooded Spearfish Creek.	"Black Hills Daily Times (June 28, 1885)."																
1885	1885	--	--	--	--	--	--	"Rapid, Boxelder, and Elk Creeks"	--	--	"More than $25,000 in flood damage reported.  Date not specified, perhaps June 17, as reported by other news articles dated June 19, 1885."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 2, 1886"	"June 2, 1886"	--	--	--	--	X	Unknown	--	--	--	Several bridges washed out and other flood damage reported between Rapid City and Deadwood.	"Rapid City Journal (June 8, 1886)."																
"July 12, 1886"	"July 12, 1886"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	Sheriff waded Rapid Creek to catch woman who was later fined for indecent exposure.	"Rapid City Journal (July 13, 1886)."																
--	"July 30, 1886"	--	--	--	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	One man drowned along Rapid Creek.	Miller (1986). 																
May 1888	May 1888	--	--	--	--	X	Spring Creek	--	--	--	Spring Creek reported as being higher than ever before known.	"Rapid City Journal (May 23, 1888)."																
May 1888	May 1888	--	--	--	--	X	Unknown	--	--	--	"Train tracks damaged near Chadron, Neb."	"Rapid City Journal (May 27, 1888)."																
May 1888	May 1888	--	--	--	--	X	Unknown	--	--	--	Another article that reported damaged train tracks.	"Rapid City Journal (June 1, 1888)."																
May 1888	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Total precipitation in May was 6.01 inches (presumably in Rapid City).	"Rapid City Journal (June 2, 1888)."																
"Apr. 17, 1889"	"Apr. 19, 1889"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	Minor localized flooding of cellars and yards reported.	"Rapid City Journal (Apr. 19, 1889)."																
"July 18,19, 1889"	"July 19,20, 1889"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Deadwood	Rapid City	Minor localized flooding reported for Deadwood.	"Rapid City Journal (July 20, 1889)."																
"Aug. 10, 1889"	"Aug. 10, 1889"	--	--	--	--	X	Battle Creek	French and Battle Creeks	--	--	Large storm system south and east of Rapid City caused widespread (minor) flooding.	"Rapid City Journal (Aug. 13, 1889)."																
1890	1890	--	--	--	--	X	Gold Run Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Photograph of the Deadwood Central Railroad tracks after the 1890 washout by Gold Run Creek	Fielder (1964)																
--	Jan. 1890	--	--	--	--	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Whitewood Creek reported as being out of its banks.	"Rapid City Journal (Jan. 31, 1890)."																
"June 4–5, 1890"	"June 5, 1890"	--	--	--	--	X	City and Whitewood Creeks	--	Deadwood	--	Localized flooding in Deadwood and high water along Whitewood Creek reported.	"Rapid City Journal (June 6, 1890)."																
"June 4–5, 1890"	"June 5, 1890"	--	--	--	--	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Continued flooding reported for Whitewood Creek in Deadwood.	"Rapid City Journal (June 7, 1890)."																
"June 4–5, 1890"	"June 5, 1890"	--	--	--	--	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Reported that rain fell for 24 hours. Article indicated that storm was Black Hills wide.	"Black Hills Daily Times (June 6, 1890)."																
--	"June 6, 1890"	--	--	--	--	X	Whitewood Creek	Spearfish Creek	Deadwood	"Spearfish, Sturgis"	Flow subsided in Whitewood Creek.  Three dams at Spearfish went out with flood.	"Black Hills Daily Times (June 7, 1890)."																
May and Aug. 1890	May and Aug. 1890	--	--	--	--	X	Various	Various	Various	Various	Various flooding reported for Deadwood and Rapid City.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"Aug. 10, 1890"	"Aug. 10, 1890"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Minor localized flooding reported for Rapid City area.	Miller (1986). 																
"Aug. 10, 1890"	"Aug. 10, 1890"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Minor localized flooding reported for Rapid City area.  Same event as reported by Miller (1986).	"Rapid City Journal (Aug. 12, 1890)."																
--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Numerous - Black Hills wide	--	--	--	"1890 is noted with 1883 and 1907 as a year of ""hills-wide"" flooding."	South Dakota Historical Society (1960).																
"May 31, 1891"	"June 1, 1891"	--	--	--	X	--	Whitewood Creek	Fall River	"Deadwood, Lead"	Hot Springs	Severe flood damage reported for Gold Run Gulch.  Hot Springs area also had storm and flood damage.	"Rapid City Journal (June 2, 1891)."																
June 1892	June 1892	--	--	--	--	X	Various	Various	--	--	"Rail damaged between Rapid City and Chadron, Neb.  Rail damaged on way to Deadwood also."	"Rapid City Journal (June 7, 1892)."																
June 1892	June 1892	--	--	--	--	X	Various	Various	--	--	"Flood damaged railroads and roads on June 6, 1892.  Prolonged rainfall reported 6 days later."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 4–5, 1892"	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Rapid City	--	"Rain total for year ""has been greater than in any previous year"" since record keeping began."	"Rapid City Journal (June 9, 1892)."																
--	--	--	--	--	--	X	Various	Various	--	--	"Rail damaged near Oelrichs.  Probably coincides with large flood along Horsehead Creek (approximately June 11–12, 1892) that was referenced in the Oelrichs Advocate article of June 17, 1915)."	"Rapid City Journal (June 17, 1892)."																
July 1892	July 1892	--	--	--	--	X	Beaver Creek	--	--	--	Bridges over Beaver Creek washed out (between Buffalo Gap and Hot Springs).	"Rapid City Journal (July 4, 1892)."																
--	Mar. 1893	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	Redwater River	Belle Fourche	--	"Belle Fourche River rose about 15 feet, taking out one span of the railroad bridge."	"Rapid City Journal (Apr. 1, 1893)."																
"Aug. 9, 1893"	"Aug. 9, 1893"	--	--	--	X	X	Spring Creek	--	--	--	Crops damaged along Spring Creek and heavy storm in Hermosa area.	"Rapid City Journal (Aug. 10, 1893)."																
"Apr. 30, 1895"	"Apr. 30, 1895"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	--	--	"Train delayed from railroad washout east of Hay Springs, Neb."	"Rapid City Journal (May 1, 1895)."																
June 1895	June 1895	--	--	--	--	X	Indian Creek	--	--	--	Heavy rains caused high flows north of Belle Fourche.	"Rapid City Journal (June 6, 1895)."																
"June 22, 1895"	"June 22, 1895"	--	--	--	--	X	Bear Butte Creek	--	Sturgis	Deadwood	Heavy rains and hail with flooding reported in and around Sturgis.	"Rapid City Journal (June 23, 1895)."																
"July 22, 1895"	"July 22, 1895"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Hot Springs	--	"Damage reported to rail yard, track, and bridges in Hot Springs."	"Rapid City Journal (July 23, 1895)."																
"July 22, 1895"	"July 22, 1895"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Article described ""unprecedented"" storm for Hot Springs area.  Bridges destroyed during flooding."	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
"July 30, 1895"	"July 30, 1895"	--	--	X	X	--	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	Spearfish Creek reported as highest since 1883 due to heavy rain upstream from Spearfish.	"Rapid City Journal (Aug. 1, 1895)."																
May 1896	May 1896	--	--	--	X	--	Sand Creek	--	Oelrichs	--	Damage along Sand Creek (north of Oelrichs) was reported as worst suffered to date by Elkhorn Railroad in the Black Hills area.	"Rapid City Journal (May 10, 1896)."																
June 1896	June 1896	--	--	--	--	X	Battle Creek	--	Keystone	--	Localized flooding reported along Battle Creek in Keystone from heavy rain.  	"Rapid City Journal (June 6, 1896)."																
"June 6, 1896"	"June 6, 1896"	--	--	--	X	X	French Creek	Various	--	--	Rail line damaged south of Rapid City.  Worst damage near Fairburn.	"Rapid City Journal (June 7, 1896)."																
"June 6, 1896"	"June 6, 1896"	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	--	--	"Another report provided of rail damage south of Rapid City from flood on June 6, 1896."	"Black Hills Press (June 9, 1896)."																
"June 6, 1896"	"June 6, 1896"	--	--	--	X	X	Spring Creek	--	--	--	Irrigation dam damaged along Spring Creek.	"Rapid City Journal (June 9, 1896)."																
"June 6, 1896"	"June 6, 1896"	--	--	--	X	X	Middle Creek	Various	Belle Fourche	--	Woman drowned in Middle Creek near Belle Fourche. Additional information provided on rail damage south of Rapid City.  	"Rapid City Journal (June 9, 1896)."																
"June 6, 1896"	"June 8, 1896"	--	--	--	X	X	Spring and Battle Creeks	--	--	--	Bridges destroyed along Spring and Battle Creeks by continued rain and flooding.	"Rapid City Journal (June 9, 1896)."																
"June 6, 1896"	"June 6, 1896"	--	--	--	X	X	Various	--	--	--	Railroad washouts reported south of Rapid City (north and south of Cheyenne River).	"Rapid City Journal (June 11, 1896)."																
June 1896	June 1896	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Short account provided of several heavy storms and minor flooding in Hot Springs.	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
July 1896	July 1896	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	--	--	Rail damage reported south of Rapid City.	"Rapid City Journal (July 9, 1896)."																
"Sept. 12, 1896"	"Sept. 12, 1896"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Heavy rain and hail reported.  Flood damage was less extensive than from several previous floods.	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (April 18, 1946 reprint of Sept. 18, 1896 article)."																
"Mar. 31, 1897"	"Mar. 31, 1897"	--	--	--	X	X	Belle Fourche River	--	"Belle Fourche, Newcastle, Edgemont, Spearfish, Deadwood"	--	Belle Fourche River reported higher than ever before known.  Water backed up 10 miles from ice jam.	"Rapid City Journal (Apr. 1, 1897)."																
June 1897	June 1897	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Belle Fourche	--	Cloudburst at Belle Fourche caused problems for camped troops.	"Rapid City Journal (June 26, 1897)."																
June 1897	June 1897	--	--	--	--	X	Dry Creek	--	--	--	One person drowned along or near Dry Creek (location unknown).	"Rapid City Journal (June 26, 1897)."																
"Aug. 6–7, 1897"	"Aug. 6–7, 1897"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Largest flood reported to date in Hot Springs history.  Most bridges on Fall River destroyed.	"Daily Independent-Deadwood (Aug. 7, 1897)."																
"Aug. 6, 1897"	"Aug. 6–7, 1897"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Same flood as reported by Daily Independent (Aug. 7, 1897) above.  Reported  that ""never in the history of Hot Springs have the ravages of high water been so serious as this year,"" with additional accounts provided that indicate that this flood probably was the most severe in many years."	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (April 18, 1946 reprint of Aug. 13, 1897 article)."																
1897	1897	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Statue at Hygeia Springs was destroyed.  Same as reported by Daily Independent (Aug. 7, 1897) and Hot Springs Weekly Star (August 13, 1897) above."	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
"May 29, 1898"	"May 30, 1898"	--	--	--	--	X	Battle Creek	Grizzly Gulch	--	--	Bridges along Battle Creek were washed out.	"Rapid City Journal (May 30, 1898)."																
"May 25, 1898"	"May 25, 1898"	--	--	--	--	X	Boxelder Creek	--	--	--	Cloudburst and flooding reported along lower Boxelder Creek.	"Rapid City Journal (May 28, 1898)."																
"May 19,20, 1899"	"May 21, 1899"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	Various	Rapid City	--	Very wet conditions reported for Rapid City.  Some bridges were out to west and south.	"Rapid City Journal (May 21, 1899)."																
"June 2, 1899"	--	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid City	--	Heavy rains occurred in Rapid City.  Area trains were delayed.	"Rapid City Journal (June 3, 1899)."																
"June 1, 1899"	"June 1–2, 1899"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	"Spring Creek, many others"	--	--	Loss of cattle reported along lower Rapid Creek.	"Rapid City Journal (June 4, 1899)."																
"June 2, 1899"	"June 2, 1899"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Farmingdale	--	House washed away along lower Rapid Creek.	"Rapid City Journal (June 10, 1899)."																
"June 11, 1901"	"June 11, 1901"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Small rise in Rapid Creek occurred west of Rapid City.	"Rapid City Journal (June 12, 1901)."																
"June 10–11, 1901"	"June 11, 1901"	--	--	--	X	X	Hay Creek 	Redwater and Belle Fourche Rivers	Belle Fourche	--	Hay Creek was reported as the highest ever known to date.  All streams near Belle Fourche reported to be high.	"Rapid City Journal, Belle Fourche Bee (June 13, 1901)."																
June 1901	June 1901	--	--	--	X	X	Various	Various	Belle Fourche	Various	All streams north of Belle Fourche reported to be high.	"Rapid City Journal, Pioneer Times (June 13, 1901)."																
June 1901	June 1901	--	--	--	X	X	Redwater	Various	"Beulah, Wyo."	"Sundance, Wyo."	"Flooding reported in Beulah, Wyo.  Many area bridges were out."	"Rapid City Journal, Daily Independent-Deadwood (June 16, 1901)."																
"June 19, 1901"	"June 19, 1901"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid City (?)	--	Very heavy rain reported with flooding of low-lying areas.	"Rapid City Journal (June 20, 1901)."																
"June 19, 1901"	"June 19, 1901"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid City	--	"Article described aftermath from storm on June 19, 1901."	"Rapid City Journal (June 21, 1901)."																
"June 19, 1901"	"June 19, 1901"	--	--	--	--	X	Deadman Creek	--	Sturgis	--	Heavy rain and flooding reported for Sturgis area.	"Rapid City Journal (June 25, 1901)."																
--	"July 22, 1901"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Flooding of streets reported for Rapid City.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	July 1901	--	--	X	--	--	Cascade Creek	--	Cascade	--	"Hotel destroyed by flooding.  Date unknown, but reported in July newspaper account.  "	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
June 1904	"June 5, 1904"	--	--	X	--	--	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	"Peak flow of 5,000 ft3/s recorded on June 5, 1904, during early period of USGS data collection (station 06431500; Spearfish Creek at Spearfish)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
June 1904	"June 5, 1904"	--	--	X	--	--	Redwater River	--	Belle Fourche	--	"Peak flow of 8,050 ft3/s recorded during early period of USGS data collection (station 06434000; Redwater Creek at Belle Fourche)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 4–5, 1904"	"June 4,5, 1904"	--	--	X	X	--	Spearfish Creek	"Beaver, Sand, Crow, Iron, and Whitewood Creeks"	Spearfish	"Deadwood, Sturgis, Terry, and Central"	"Reported as worst known flood as of date of article (1904) for Spearfish.  All area streams were reported high.  Four deaths occurred in Deadwood area, where damage was most severe since 1883."	"Queen City Mail (June 8, 1904)."																
"June 4–6, 1904"	Apr.–June 1904	--	--	X	X	--	Bear Butte Creek	Various	Sturgis	Various	Record rainfall reported for the Black Hills area.  Very high water occurred in Sturgis area and much of northern Black Hills.	"Black Hills Press (June 8, 1904)."																
"June 8, 1904"	Aug. 1904	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	"Substantial flooding reported for Deadwood, probably the worst since 1883."	"Weekly Pioneer Times (June 9, 1904)."																
"June 8, 1904"	Aug. 1904	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	Various	Deadwood	--	"This article appears to be a continuation of the previous article (Weekly Pioneer Times, June 9, 1904)."	"Weekly Pioneer Times (June 9, 1904)."																
"June 9, 1905"	"June 9, 1905"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	Various	Hot Springs	--	Heavy flood damage reported for Hot Springs and to railroad west of there.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 10, 1905)."																
"June 9, 1905"	"June 9, 1905"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Same event described as reported by Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 10, 1905) above."	"Custer Chronicle (June 17, 1905)."																
"June 17, 1905"	"June 17, 1905"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Second major flood within 2 weeks reported.  Perhaps more severe than the previous flood.	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (April 18, 1946 reprint of June 23, 1905 article)."																
June 1905	"June 9 and 17, 1905"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Recount provided for two floods that damaged bridges.	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
"June 17, 1905"	"June 17, 1905"	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River	Cottonwood Creek	Edgemont	--	"Heavy rain, hail, lightning, and flooding reported for Edgemont and upstream from Edgemont.  Fourteen residents were knocked unconscious by lightning, and many sheep were killed by hail."	"Edgemont Express (June 23, 1905)."																
"June 23, 1905"	"June 23, 1905"	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Article described same event as reported by Hot Springs Weekly Star (June 23, 1905) above."	"Custer Chronicle (July 1, 1905)."																
July 1905	July 1905	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	--	--	Heavy rains reported throughout Black Hills area.	"Black Hills Journal (July 5, 1905)."																
"July 11, 1905"	"July 11, 1905"	--	--	--	--	X	Sundance Creek	--	"Sundance, Wyo."	--	"Tornadoes, heavy rain, and flooding reported for Sundance, Wyo.  Water in Sundance reported 15 feet deep in bottom areas."	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (July 12, 1905)."																
--	--	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	--	--	Extensive damage throughout entire area prevented rail service for weeks.	"Black Hills Press (July 26, 1905)."																
July 1905	"July 26, 1905"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 2,500 ft3/s occurred July 26, 1905, on for Rapid Creek."	Miller (1986). 																
July 1905	"July 26, 1905"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 2,500 ft3/s occurred on July 26, 1905, during early period of USGS data collection at station 06414000 (Rapid Creek at Rapid City)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
July 1905	"July 30, 1905"	--	--	--	X	X	Cheyenne River	--	Edgemont	--	"Peak flow of 13,000 ft3/s on July 30, 1905, during early period of USGS data collection at station 06395000 (Cheyenne River at Edgemont)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"Aug. 12, 1905"	--	--	X	X	--	Hat Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 9,150 ft3/s on August 12, 1905, during early period of USGS data collection at station 06400000 (Hat Creek near Edgemont); exceeded only by peak flows of 9,430 ft3/s (1954) and 13,300 ft3/s (1967)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
Apr. 1906	Apr. 1906	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	Hay Creek	Belle Fourche	--	Belle Fourche River reported as within a few feet of record stage.	"Custer Chronicle (Apr. 14, 1906)."																
--	Apr. 1906	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	Oral	--	Bridge damaged from high water.	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
May 1907	"May 27, 1907"	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River	--	Rapid City	Oelrichs	Heavy (record) rainfall and disruptions to rail service reported.	"Rapid City Journal (May 28, 1907)."																
May 1907	"May 25, 1907"	--	--	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	Various	Belle Fourche	--	Belle Fourche River reported as nearing record stage of 1883 and still rising.  Heavy rains and high flows reported throughout entire Belle Fourche River watershed.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (May 26, 1907)."																
"May 25, 1907"	"May 26, 1907"	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	Spearfish Creek	Deadwood	Spearfish	"Record snowfall (at least 2.5 feet) reported for May 25, 1907, which followed a prolonged rain."	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (May 26, 1907)."																
May 1907	May 1907	--	--	--	--	X	Cottonwood Creek	Cheyenne River	Edgemont	--	High water reported for Cottonwood Creek and Cheyenne River with localized flooding.	"Edgemont Express (May 31, 1907)."																
May 1907	May 1907	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River	"Missouri, Bad, and White Rivers"	--	--	"Reported that the ""government river gauge"" at Russo was inundated by extremely high flow in the Cheyenne River, which contributed to a rapid rise in the Missouri River.  "	"Rapid City Journal (June 1, 1907)."																
May 1907	May 1907	--	--	--	--	X	French Creek	--	--	--	"High flows reported throughout Black Hills.  During the previous year (1906), 20 bridges were destroyed along French Creek in one storm."	"Custer Chronicle (June 1, 1907)."																
May 1907	May 1907	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	"Belle Fourche River was reported as being very high, but was subsiding."	"Custer Chronicle (June 8, 1907)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	--	--	--	--	Boxelder Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 16,000 ft3/s occurred on June 12, 1907, at station 06422500 (Boxelder Creek near Nemo).  Peak flow determination made from historical gage-height record and application of 1972 rating curve."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	X	X	X	--	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	Lead	"Record rainfall reported throughout much of Black Hills.  Elk Creek was reported as highest ever as of date of article (1907) .  Damage was not severe in Deadwood, but was more severe in many areas.  Reported that the extent of damage will be unknown for some time.  "	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 13, 1907)."																
"June 12–13, 1907"	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Miller (1986) reported a 24-hour rainfall total of 7.1 inches for Ft. Meade.	Miller (1986). 																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	X	X	X	--	Rapid and Boxelder Creeks	Elk Creek and others	Rapid City	"Sturgis, Deadwood/Lead, Hill City"	"Massive damage reported throughout area.  Elk Creek fared worse than Boxelder Creek.  Rail was heavily damaged east of Rapid City, indicating probable high flows in Boxelder Creek.  Heavy storm in Hill City area resulted in rail damage.  More damage to north than south, but rail damage reported along Spring Creek and near Hermosa."	"Rapid City Journal (June 14, 1907)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	X	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	Boxelder Creek	--	--	"Article provided a recount of article from previous day (June 14, 1907), with additional accounts of damage.   Rain east of the Black Hills apparently was not as heavy as in the central Black Hills, but all rail bridges were out along Boxelder Creek west of Owanka."	"Rapid City Journal (June 15, 1907)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	X	X	X	--	Elk and Boxelder Creeks	--	--	Custer	Additional damage reports provided.  Heavy rain and hail reported for Custer.	"Rapid City Journal (June 16, 1907)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 13,000 ft3/s occurred on June 12, 1907, on Rapid Creek from 5 inches or more of rain in 6 hours.  Antecedent moisture since May 26, 1907, also was noted."	Miller (1986). 																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	X	X	X	--	--	Various	Various	Various	Various	Severe flooding reported along Rapid Creek and many other Black Hills locations.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"May 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	--	--	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Various details regarding flooding along Rapid Creek were reported.	Johnson (1949). 																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	X	--	--	--	--	Stagebarn Canyon	Elk and Little Elk Creeks	Piedmont	Tilford	Detailed account provided for Stagebarn Canyon flood that caused three deaths.  Dr. O'Hara (South Dakota School of Mines and Technology) reported debris 18.5 feet above floor of canyon.	Honerkamp (1978).																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12-13, 1907"	--	X	--	--	--	"Stagebarn Canyon, Little Elk Creek"	Bear Butte Creek	Piedmont	"Rapid City, Mystic"	"Article recounts the severe flood on June 12, 1907, in Stagebarn Canyon. Between Rapid City and Mystic, ""the Crouch Line Railroad had only five small bridges left out of a total of 110, with grades washed out and rails wrapped around trees."""	Fielder (1964)																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	X	--	--	--	--	Stagebarn Canyon	--	--	--	This is an account of the June 1907 storm and flood that was printed in November 1974.	"Rapid City Journal (Nov. 8, 1949)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	X	X	X	--	--	--	--	--	"Storm in southern Black Hills was thought by many to be the heaviest ever, as of date of article (1907)."	Custer Chronicle (undated).																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	X	--	--	--	--	Stagebarn Canyon	--	Piedmont	--	"Storm was reported as heaviest ever known in Sturgis area as of date of article (1907), but damage was less than in other areas.  Wall of water estimated as 15 feet high in Stagebarn Canyon."	"Black Hills Press (June 19, 1907)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	X	X	X	--	"Stagebarn Canyon, Elk Creek"	--	Tilford	--	"Five deaths reported from floods of June 12–13, 1907."	"Custer Chronicle (June 22, 1907)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	X	X	X	--	Elk and Boxelder Creeks	--	--	--	"Additional details provided on the heavy rains and flooding of June 12–13, 1907, which were reported as the most widespread and damaging of any that had occurred in the Black Hills as of date of article (1907)."	"Custer Chronicle (June 22, 1907)."																
"June 12, 1907"	"June 12–13, 1907"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	A dozen railroad bridges were washed out between Mystic and Rapid City.	"Custer Chronicle (July 27, 1907)."																
"June 1, 1908"	"June 1, 1908"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Hot Springs	--	"Heavy rains reported for Hot Springs area with rail damage and delays.  Probably same flood as reported by Hot Springs Weekly Star (June 5, 1908) below."	"Rapid City Journal (June 2, 1908)."																
May–June 1908	May–June 1908	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	Cold Brook and Hot Brook	Hot Springs	--	"Heavy storm occurred on May 31, 1908, following a week of rain.  Highest stage on June 1, 1908, was within about 3 feet of a bridge that marked high water from two previous larger floods (August 1897 and June 1905).  Additional heavy rain occurred on June 2."	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (April 18, 1946 reprint of June 5, 1908 article)."																
May–June 1908	May–June 1908	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Short story on flooding reported by Hot Springs Weekly Star (June 5, 1908) above."	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
May–June 1908	May–June 1908	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Photos of June 1908 flooding.	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
May–June 1908	May–June 1908	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River	--	Hot Springs area	--	Young man drowned while crossing Cheyenne River at high flow.	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
June 1908	June 1908	--	--	--	--	X	--	Various	--	Various	"Widespread rail damage and delays reported in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana."	"Edgemont Express, Alliance Times (June 6, 1908)."																
May 1909	May 1909	--	--	--	X	--	Belle Fourche River	Various	Belle Fourche	"Deadwood, Lead, Spearfish"	Substantial damage reported for Belle Fourche.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
May 1909	"May 31, 1909"	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Flooding reported in Deadwood that was caused by two heavy rains during previous days.	"Deadwood Telegram (June 1, 1909)."																
May 1909	May–June 1909	--	--	--	X	--	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	"Worst flood reported since 1904.  Substantial damage reported, including severe rail damage in Spearfish Canyon, which may indicate more severe flooding in Spearfish Canyon than in 1904."	"Deadwood Telegram (June 2, 1909)."																
May 1909	May–June 1909	--	--	--	X	--	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	"Deadwood, Lead"	Additional details provided on flooding in Spearfish area.	"Queen City Mail (June 2, 1909)."																
May 1909	May–June 1909	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Widespread rail damage and delays reported.	"Deadwood Telegram (June 2, 1909)."																
May–June 1909	May–June 1909	--	--	--	X	X	--	Bear Butte Creek	--	--	Flooding occurred from a week of rain.  Bear Butte Creek reported to be very high.	"Black Hills Press (June 3, 1909)."																
"May 31, 1909"	"May 31, 1909"	--	--	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	Many	Belle Fourche	Many	Widespread flooding reported.  Belle Fourche River reported as 4 feet higher than ever before at VVV ranch.	"Northwest Post - Belle Fourche (June 3, 1909)."																
"May 31, 1909"	"May 31, 1909"	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Deadwood	--	Flooding reported in Deadwood.  Report of 12 inches of rain within about 1 week.	"Deadwood Daily Pioneer Times (1), Weekly Pioneer Times (3) (June 1, 3, 1909)."																
"June 8, 1909"	"June 8–9, 1909"	--	--	--	X	--	Spearfish Creek	Redwater River	Spearfish	--	"Damage primarily downstream from Spearfish was reported.  Flooding appears to be from storm of June 8, 1909, as reported by the Deadwood Pioneer Times article (June 9, 1909), rather than associated with flooding of previous week."	"Queen City Mail (June 9, 1909)."																
"June 8, 1909"	"June 8,9, 1909"	--	--	--	--	X	Spearfish Creek	Various	Spearfish	New Underwood and various	Storm was perhaps heaviest in the Spearfish and New Underwood areas.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 9, 1909)."																
"June 10–11, 1909"	"June 10–11, 1909"	--	--	--	X	--	--	Hay Creek	New Underwood	Belle Fourche	Second flood in New Underwood reported for the week.  Another storm reported along Hay Creek in Belle Fourche.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 11, 1909)."																
"June 10–11, 1909"	"June 10–11, 1909"	--	--	--	X	--	Rapid Creek	Various	Rapid City	--	"Heaviest rain recorded at Weather Bureau in Rapid City as of date of article (1909).  Same storm affected New Underwood (June 9, 1909, Deadwood Pioneer Times article) and other areas south of Rapid City."	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 11, 1909)."																
--	"June 11, 1909"	--	--	--	X	--	Bear Butte Creek	Various	--	--	Evacuation of 20 homes along Bear Butte Creek reported.  Other damage reported elsewhere.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 11, 1909"	"June 11–12, 1909"	--	--	--	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	Pactola	--	Report of 20 inches of rain at Pactola.  Rail damage reported. 	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 12, 1909)."																
"June 11, 1909"	"June 11–12, 1909"	--	--	--	X	--	Rapid Creek	Boxelder Creek	Pactola	"New Underwood, Owanka"	Boxelder Creek reported as 7 feet higher than previous record and Owanka in danger of being swept away	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (June 12, 1909)."																
--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Progress reported on railroad repairs.  Railroad wires (telegraph) were connected again.	"Deadwood Daily Pioneer Times-Deadwood (June 16, 1909)."																
1910	Apr. 1910	--	--	X	--	--	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	"Photograph of 1910 flooding on postcard (from Rapid City Journal, March 25, 2009)."	"Rapid City Journal photo (March 25, 2009)."																
June 1911	June 1911	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	"Wasta, Owanka"	--	Moderately high flow in Cheyenne River reported from general rains.	"Wasta Gazette (June 23, 1911)."																
June 1911	June 1911	--	--	--	--	X	Boxelder Creek	--	"Owanka, Wasta"	--	Minor damage reported along Boxelder Creek.	"Wasta Gazette (June 30, 1911)."																
"Aug. 5–6, 1911"	"Aug. 6, 1911"	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River (?)	--	Edgemont	--	Cheyenne (?) River thought to be highest within memory of oldest inhabitants (as of date of article).	"Edgemont Express (Aug. 11, 1911)."																
"Aug. 5–6, 1911"	"Aug. 6–7, 1911"	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	Wasta	--	Heavy rain reported.  Cheyenne River rose to high water mark for the year.	"Wasta Gazette (Aug. 11, 1911)."																
"Sept. 5,6, 1911"	Sept. 1911	--	--	--	--	X	Hawk Canyon	Cheyenne River	Wasta	--	"Heavy rain and high water reported, with some rail damage."	"Wasta Gazette (Sept. 8, 1911)."																
--	Apr. 1912	--	--	X	--	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	Reported as highest stage for Belle Fourche River in 20 years.	"Belle Fourche Bee (Apr. 11, 1912)."																
--	Apr. 1912	--	--	X	--	--	Belle Fourche River	Various	Belle Fourche	Various	"Belle Fourche River peaked on Monday, April 11, 1912.  Same flood as reported by Belle Fourche Bee (April 11, 1912).  Many additional details provided."	"Northwest Post - Belle Fourche (Apr. 11, 1912)."																
"Apr. 13–14, 1912"	Apr. 1912	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	"Newell, Vale, and Nisland"	Belle Fourche	Heavy snow and some rain reported.  Belle Fourche Dam reported as endangered.	"Black Hills Press (Apr. 17, 1912)."																
"July 4, 1912"	"July 4, 1912"	--	--	--	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Localized flooding reported for Rapid City.  Rise of 15 feet reported in Dark Canyon.	"Rapid City Journal (July 6, 1912)."																
"Aug. 17, 1912"	"Aug. 17, 1912"	--	--	--	--	X	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish area	--	"Heavy rain in Spearfish Canyon, with some damage reported."	"Deadwood Telegram (Aug. 17, 1912)."																
"Aug. 18, 1912"	"Aug. 18, 1912"	--	--	--	--	X	Whitewood Creek	--	Sturgis area	--	Heavy rain in Sturgis area with some rail damage reported.  Whitewood Creek was out of banks.	"Deadwood Telegram (Aug. 19, 1912)."																
"Aug. 17–18, 1912"	"Aug. 18, 1912"	--	--	--	X	X	Spring Creek	Bear Butte Creek	Vale	Sturgis	Widespread hail with flood damage in some locations reported.	"Black Hills Press (Aug. 21, 1912)."																
"Aug. 30, 1912"	"Aug. 30, 1912"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Sturgis	--	Heavy rains and some rail damage in Sturgis area reported.	"Wasta Gazette (Aug. 30, 1912)."																
--	Mar.–Apr. 1913	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	Redwater River	Belle Fourche	--	Lowland flooding reported from ice jam at diversion dam for canal to Belle Fourche Reservoir.	"Northwest Post - Belle Fourche (Apr. 3, 1913)."																
"Aug. 7–8, 1913"	"Aug. 8, 1913"	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	High water from general rains reported.	"Wasta Gazette (Aug. 15, 1913)."																
Apr.–May 1915	Apr.–May 1915	--	--	--	--	X	Horsehead and Lone Well Creeks	--	--	--	"High water occurred from general rains with 7.2 inches of rain reported since April, plus heavy prior snow."	"Oelrichs Advocate (May 6, 1915)."																
May 1915	May 1915	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	"General rains occurred.  Cheyenne River reported as highest in at least 8 years, perhaps 15 years."	"Wasta Gazette (May 15, 1915)."																
May 1915	May 1915	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River	Fall River	Hot Springs	"Buffalo Gap, Oelrichs, Pringle"	Widespread rail damage reported.  Cheyenne River reported as highest in 30 years.	"Hot Springs Star (May 18, 1915)."																
"May 25, 1915"	"May 25, 1915"	--	--	--	--	X	Horsehead and Lonewell Creeks	--	Oelrichs	--	High water from general rains reported.	"Oelrichs Advocate (May 27, 1915)."																
"May 25, 1915"	"May 25, 1915"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Fairburn	--	Rail damaged from heavy storm.	"Custer Chronicle (May 29, 1915)."																
"May 25, 1915"	"May 25, 1915"	--	--	--	--	X	French Creek 	"Beaver Creek, Cheyenne River"	--	--	Rail damaged along French Creek.  Rapid rises reported for other streams.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (May 29, 1915)."																
May 1915	"May 26, 1915"	--	--	--	--	X	Unknown	--	"Climax, Grindstone"	Pino	Three drowned in flooding at Climax from heavy storm.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (June 5, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	X	X	X	"Various, Fall River"	--	"Various, Hot Springs"	--	Widespread rail damage reported throughout southern Black Hills and beyond.  Severe flood occurred in Hot Springs.	"Deadwood Telegram (June 12, 1915)."																
"June 11, 1915"	"June 11, 1915"	--	--	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Severe flood occurred in Hot Springs.	"Deadwood Daily Pioneer Times (June 12, 1915)."																
"June 11, 1915"	"June 11, 1915"	--	--	X	X	X	Fall River	Horsehead Creek	Hot Springs	Oelrichs	"Widespread rain, flooding, and rail damage reported.  Severe flood occurred in Hot Springs."	"Rapid City Journal (June 13, 1915)."																
June 1915	"June 12, 1915"	--	X	--	--	--	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 39,200 ft3/s occurred on June 12, 1915, during first year of USGS data collection at station 06400500 (Cheyenne River near Hot Springs)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
May–June 1915	May–June 1915	--	--	X	X	X	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	"Detailed report of streamflow conditions at USGS station 06400500 (Cheyenne River near Hot Springs).  Flow peaked at 39,200 ft3/s on June 12, 1915."	"Hot Springs Star (June 14, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	--	Oelrichs	--	Bridges destroyed during flooding.  Reported as worst flood to date in Hot Springs.	Twomey and Magee (1983). 																
"June 11, 1915"	"June 11–12, 1915"	--	--	X	--	--	Horsehead Creek	All streams in area high	Fall River County	--	"Four inches of rain during saturated conditions caused ""biggest flood in this country within the memory of the white man.""  Surpassed previous worst flooding that occurred 23 years prior, to the day (June 11 or 12, 1892)."	"Oelrichs Advocate (June 17, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	--	--	Northern Black Hills was isolated for 6 days due to extensive rail damage.	"Black Hills Press (June 17, 1915)."																
"June 12, 1915"	"June 12, 1915"	--	--	X	--	--	Cheyenne River	--	Wasta	--	Cheyenne River reported as highest for the year and for some unknown number of previous years.	"Wasta Gazette (June 18, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	--	--	X	Sulphur Creek	--	White Owl	--	Sulphur Creek reported as highest in 6 years.	"White Owl Oracle (June 18, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	--	X	--	Fall River	All streams in area high	Hot Springs	--	High water reported throughout southwestern South Dakota.  Severe flood occurred in Hot Springs.	"Custer Chronicle (June 19, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	--	X	--	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	Crop damage and other damage reported along Beaver Creek.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (June 19, 1915)."																
"June 11, 1915"	"June 11–12, 1915"	--	--	X	--	--	Beaver Creek	Various	Buffalo Gap	Various	Beaver Creek exceeded previous high water mark of several years ago.  Horsehead Creek reported as highest in years.  Cheyenne River exceeded all previous high water marks.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (June 19, 1915)."																
"June 11–12, 1915"	June 1915	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Custer	Hot Springs	Widespread flooding reported between Custer and Hot Springs.	"Custer Chronicle (June 19, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	--	--	--	Horsehead Creek	--	Oelrichs	--	Streams reported as receding.  Brief report provided on aftermath.	"Oelrichs Advocate (June 24, 1915)."																
June 1915	June 1915	--	--	X	--	--	Belle Fourche River	Cheyenne River	--	--	Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers reported as remaining very high.	"White Owl Oracle (June 25, 1915)."																
"July 15–20, 1915"	July 1915	--	--	X	X	--	Red Owl and Sulphur Creeks	Many in Meade County	"Faith, Dupree"	--	All streams in eastern Meade County reported as very high from four heavy rains during previous week.	"White Owl Oracle (July 23, 1915)."																
"July 15–20, 1915"	July 1915	--	--	X	X	--	--	--	Faith	Various	Severe rail damage reported for east of Faith from flooding.	"White Owl Oracle (July 30, 1915)."																
July–Aug. 1915	July–Aug. 1915	--	--	--	--	X	Horsehead Creek	Cheyenne River	Oelrichs	Oral	"Very wet conditions reported for time of year.  Some crops damaged, harvest slowed.  Horsehead Creek reported as high again."	"Oelrichs Advocate (Aug. 5, 1915)."																
Aug. 1915	Aug. 1915	--	--	X	--	--	Bad River	Cheyenne River	"Midland, Ft. Pierre"	Scenic	Extensive rail damage reported along the Bad River and other places.  Cheyenne River reported as remaining high.	"White Owl Oracle (Aug. 13, 1915)."																
"Aug. 9–10, 1915"	"Aug. 9–10, 1915"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	"Custer, Pringle"	--	Bridges washed out on wagon road between Custer and Pringle.  Rail damage reported near Custer.	"Edgemont Express (Aug. 13, 1915)."																
Aug. 1915	Aug. 1915	--	--	--	--	X	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	Heavy rains west of Buffalo Gap reported to have kept Beaver Creek at flood stage.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (Aug. 14, 1915)."																
Aug. 1915	Aug. 1915	--	--	--	--	X	Beaver Creek	--	Hot Springs	Pringle	Continued flooding reported along Beaver Creek.  Many area bridges have been washed out.	"Custer Chronicle (Aug. 15, 1915)."																
"Aug. 17, 1915"	"Aug. 17, 1915"	--	--	--	--	X	False Bottom Creek	Polo Creek	St. Onge	"Beulah, Whitewood, Spearfish"	Heavy rainfall reported.  Rail damaged near St. Onge.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (Aug. 18, 1915)."																
Aug. 1915	Aug. 1915	--	--	--	--	X	French Creek	--	--	--	Damage reported to ranch along French Creek near mouth of Cheyenne River.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (Aug. 21, 1915)."																
"Aug. 16 and 18, 1915"	"Aug. 18–19, 1915"	--	--	--	X	--	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	Rain total of 3.5 inches in 1.5 hours in Buffalo Gap.  Beaver Creek reported to be nearly as high as record peak flow during spring.  Rail damaged in Hot Springs.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (Aug. 21, 1915)."																
"Aug. 18, 1915"	"Aug. 18, 1915"	--	--	--	--	X	French Creek	--	Custer	Pringle	"Heavy rain reported west of Custer, with three bridges washed out along French Creek."	"Custer Chronicle (Aug. 21, 1915)."																
Sept.–Oct. 1915	Sept.–Oct. 1915	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	Edgemont	--	Train delayed from damaged grade caused by rise of 8 feet in Cheyenne River.	"Custer Chronicle (Oct. 2, 1915)."																
"July 27–28, 1916"	"July 27–28, 1916"	--	--	--	X	--	Bear Butte Creek	--	Sturgis	--	Reported as one of heaviest rains and highest water in Sturgis in 30 years.	"Black Hills Press (Aug. 3, 1916)."																
"June 22, 1918"	"June 22, 1918"	--	--	--	X	X	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	"Crops, bridges, and roads damaged."	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (June 28, 1918)."																
"July 11–15, 1918"	July 1918	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	Lone Well and Horsehead Creeks	Hot Springs	--	Heavy rains reported in many parts of Fall River County with some damage reported.	"Oelrichs Advocate (July 18, 1918)."																
"July 13, 1918"	"July 13–14, 1918"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	Beaver Creek	Hot Springs	Buffalo Gap	Moderate damage reported along Fall River.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (July 19, 1918)."																
--	"Aug. 8, 1918"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Photographs show minor flooding of Hot Springs.	Photographs by Fall River County Historical Society																
"Mar., 1920"	"Mar., 1920"	--	--	--	X	--	Sulphur Creek	Many	Many	Many	Sulphur Creek reported as highest ever as of date of article (1920).  Many bridges washed out throughout widespread area.	"White Owl Oracle (Mar. 26, 1920)."																
"Mar., 1920"	"Mar., 1920"	--	--	X	X	--	Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers	Various	Various	Various	Some streams reported as dropping.  Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers reported as highest ever as of date of article (1920).  Much damage reported across widespread areas.	"White Owl Oracle (Apr. 2, 1920)."																
"Mar., 1920"	"Mar., 1920"	--	--	X	X	--	Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers	Elk Creek	Rapid City	"New Underwood, Wasta"	Widespread flooding reported.	"Wasta Gazette (Apr. 2, 1920)."																
"Apr. 7, 1920"	1920	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Custer	--	Miller (1986) reported a record 24-hour rainfall total of 7.1 inches for Custer.	Miller (1986). 																
"May 10–12, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 8,000 ft3/s occurred on May 11-12, 1920, in Rapid Creek."	Miller (1986). 																
"May 10–12, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Rain (4.75 inches over 3 days) on melting snow reported.  Eight deaths reported.  All private and county bridges on Rapid Creek destroyed, and 20 rail bridges damaged or destroyed."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
May 1920	"May 10, 1920"	--	--	X	X	--	Medicine Creek	--	Blunt	--	"Reported as largest known flood along Medicine Creek east of Pierre as of date of article (1920).  Very severe rail damage reported, with service expected to be out for 3 weeks."	"Rapid City Journal (May 11, 1920)."																
"May 10–11, 1920"	"May 10–11, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	Various	Rapid City	Various	Rapid City inundated from very heavy storm and flooding.  Widespread rail damage reported and virtually all train service disrupted or halted throughout a very large area.  Rail line was under 5 feet of water near Hill City.	"Deadwood Telegram (May 11, 1920)."																
"May 11–12, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	X	X	--	Many in Black Hills	Many	Many	Many	"Severe damage reported to rail lines throughout large area, with rain and snow continuing to exacerbate conditions."	"Deadwood Telegram (May 12, 1920)."																
"May 11, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	"Rapid, Boxelder, Spring, and Medicine Creeks"	All streams in Black Hills	"Rapid City, New Underwood, Box Elder, many others"	--	Lengthy and detailed description of severe damage throughout widespread areas provided.  Fifty families dislodged from low-lying area north of Rapid Creek.	"Rapid City Journal (May 12, 1920)."																
"May 11, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	--	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Various details provided regarding flooding along Rapid Creek.	Johnson (1949). 																
May 1920	"May 12, 1920"	X	--	--	--	--	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 114,000 ft3/s on May 12, 1920, at station 06400500 (Cheyenne River near Hot Springs).  This peak flow is almost three times larger than the peak flow of June 12, 1915, and the most extraordinary peak flow ever recorded (relative to drainage area) along the Cheyenne River, through the current (2010) date."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"May 9–12, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	--	X	--	Belle Fourche and Redwater Rivers	Hay Creek	"Belle Fourche, Nisland"	Rapid City	Very heavy rain reported in Belle Fourche area.  Area streams were out of banks.	"Northwest Post - Belle Fourche (May 13, 1920)."																
"May 11–12, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	Cheyenne River	Rapid Creek	"Rapid City, Oral"	--	Rail damage throughout area reported to be enormous.	"Rapid City Journal (May 13, 1920)."																
"May 10–13, 1920"	May 1920	X	X	X	X	--	Cheyenne River	Fall River	Rapid City	Various	"Heavy rain following heavy April snow reported.  Cheyenne River reported as highest ever as of date of article (1920).  Rapid City flooded from the May 10, 1920, storm."	"Hot Springs Star (May 13, 1920)."																
"May 10–13, 1920"	"May 11, 1920"	X	X	X	X	--	"Horsehead Creek, Cheyenne River"	Lone Well Creek	Oelrichs	Various	"Horsehead Creek reported as highest since 1915, which was second to only one previous flood.  Note:  previous Oelrichs Advocate article of June 17, 1915, reported 1915 as the largest known flood."	"Oelrichs Advocate (May 13, 1920)."																
"May 8, 1920"	"May 8, 1920"	--	--	--	X	--	"Deadman's Draw, Bear Butte Creek"	"Alkali Creek, others"	Sturgis	"Rapid City, others"	"Heavy storm reported for Sturgis on May 9, 1920.  Reported as wettest in 30 years by locals.  Damage in Sturgis area was less severe than elsewhere.  Article includes excerpts from Rapid City Journal article of May 12, 1920."	"Black Hills Press (May 13, 1920)."																
"May 11–12, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"A short excerpt from Rapid City Journal article of  May 12, 1920, is provided."	"Deadwood Telegram (May 3, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	--	X	X	--	Cheyenne and Belle Fourche Rivers	Sulphur Creek	--	--	Sulphur Creek could not be crossed.  Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers reported as higher than ever before known.	"White Owl Oracle (May 14, 1920)."																
--	"May 13, 1920"	--	X	X	X	--	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	"Record stage of 18.9 feet on May 13, 1920, at station 06439500 (Cheyenne River near Eagle Butte)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
May 1920	"May 12–13, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid Creek	Whitewood Creek	Rapid City 	Deadwood	"Rapid Creek reported as rising.  A short account of 1883 flooding also is provided, with a notation that this is the largest known flooding for Deadwood, prior to or since then."	"Black Hills Weekly Journal (May 14, 1920)."																
"May 11–12, 1920"	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	X	--	--	--	Hat Creek	--	"Ardmore, Bunker Hill"	--	Worst known flood for Hat Creek occurred as of date of article (1920); creek reported as 4 feet higher than 1915.  Seven deaths reported in Bunker Hill.	"Ardmore American (May 14, 1920)."																
"May 10–13, 1920"	"May 13, 1920"	X	--	--	--	--	Cheyenne River	Many	--	--	Reported as highest known flood stage for Cheyenne River as of date of article (1920).	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (May 14, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	X	X	X	--	--	Cheyenne River	--	Ardmore	--	Extensive rail damage reported.  Brief report of flood deaths near Ardmore provided.	"Rapid City Journal (May 14, 1920)."																
May 1920	"May 11–12, 1920"	--	--	X	--	--	Hat Creek	"Cottonwood Creek, Cheyenne River"	Ardmore	Edgemont	"Article reported deaths near Ardmore involving 7-foot ""body of water"" on top of previous flood conditions.  Conflicting reports provided on flood stages for Cheyenne River and Cottonwood Creek, relative to prior years.  Old timers declared that water is highest in ""their remembrance."""	"Edgemont Express (May 14, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	X	X	X	--	"Cheyenne River, Rapid Creek"	Various	Rapid City	Various	Recap of flood damage reported by several previous articles was provided.	"Black Hills Weekly Journal (May 14, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	X	X	X	--	Many	--	Many	Newell	"Article is primarily a report from travelers and other people in dealing with flood circumstances.  Reported that ""Newell suffered the heaviest rainfall ever known."""	"Rapid City Journal (May 15, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	--	X	--	--	Cheyenne River	White River	--	--	Report from traveler of flood damage south of Rapid City and along the White River provided.	"Rapid City Journal (May 16, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Sturgis	--	Damage reported to Sturgis area cemeteries due to rain.	"Black Hills Press (May 20, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	--	X	X	--	Horsehead and Hat Creeks	--	--	--	Horsehead and Hat Creeks reported as very high.  Debris carried across Cheyenne River by Hat Creek.	"Hot Springs Star (May 20, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	--	--	Short report of damage to a ranch house provided.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (May 21, 1920)."																
"May 24, 1920"	May 1920	--	--	--	--	X	Lame Johnny and Beaver Creeks	--	--	--	"Lame Johnny Creek reported as ""highest flood stage in years."""	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (May 26, 1920)."																
May 1920	May 1920	--	X	X	X	--	Various	Various	--	--	"Many bridges destroyed on Bad and White Rivers.  Hat Creek had ""30 feet of raging water."""	"Oelrichs Advocate (May 29, 1920)."																
--	May 1920	--	X	X	--	--	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	Record flows reported all along the Cheyenne River.	"Buffalo Gazette (June 4, 1920)."																
--	May 1920	--	--	X	X	--	Boxelder Creek	--	--	--	"Boxelder Creek reported as ""fully 4 feet higher than ever known before"" and ""over 3 miles wide."""	"White Owl Oracle (June 4, 1920)."																
--	May–June 1920	--	X	X	--	--	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	"Reported that ""all high water marks were broken"" along the Cheyenne River."	"Wasta Gazette (June 11, 1920)."																
--	June 1920	--	--	X	X	--	Cheyenne and Belle Fourche Rivers	--	--	--	Events and damage reported along the Cheyenne and Belle Fourche Rivers.	"White Owl Oracle (June 20, 1920)."																
"June 25, 1920"	"June 25, 1920"	--	--	--	--	X	Cold Springs Creek	--	Pringle	--	Minor damage reported along Cold Springs Creek.	"Custer Chronicle (June 26, 1920)."																
"June 28, 1920"	--	--	--	--	--	X	New Underwood	--	Wasta	--	Heavy rain and hail reported near New Underwood.	"Wasta Gazette (July 2, 1920)."																
June 1920	June 1920	--	--	--	--	X	Johnny and Brushie Creeks	--	--	--	Bridge repairs reported along Johnny and Brushie Creeks.	"White Owl Oracle (July 2, 1920)."																
"Aug. 28, 1920"	"Aug. 28, 1920"	--	--	--	--	X	Beaver and Cold Springs Creeks	--	--	--	Damage reported to roads and fences along Beaver and Cold Springs Creeks.	"Custer Chronicle (Sept. 4, 1920)."																
--	Mar. 1921	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Melting of heavy snow caused damage to bridges and highways.	"White Owl Oracle (Apr. 1, 1921)."																
June 1921	June 1921	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne and Belle Fourche Rivers	--	--	--	Cheyenne and Belle Fourche Rivers reported as higher than usual.	"White Owl Oracle (June 17, 1921)."																
--	June 1921	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne and Fourche Rivers	--	--	--	"Cheyenne River reported as higher this week, with the Belle Fourche River not as high."	"White Owl Oracle (June 24, 1921)."																
"May 10, 1922"	"May 10, 1922"	--	--	--	--	X	Bear Butte Creek	Belle Fourche River	Sturgis	St. Onge	Reported as worst storm and high water in years.  Bear Butte Creek was out of its banks and the Belle Fourche River was at bankfull.	"Black Hills Press (May 11, 1922)."																l
"May 10, 1922"	"May 10, 1922"	--	--	X	X	X	Redwater River	Spearfish Creek and many others	Belle Fourche	Many others	Redwater River was higher by 3 feet at power plant than previous high in 1916.  Serious flooding occurred in Spearfish.  High water reported in many other parts of northern Hills.	"Deadwood Telegram (May 11, 1922)."																
--	--	--	--	--	X	X	Cheyenne River	Cottonwood Creek and others in Wyoming	Edgemont	--	Widespread flooding reported with substantial damage from large storm west of Edgemont.	"Edgemont Express (May 12, 1922)."																
"May 10, 1922"	"May 10–11, 1922"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	Belle Fourche River	Rapid City	"Lead, Belle Fourche"	Minor flooding reported for Rapid City.  Lead had 3.79 inches of precipitation before a foot of snow.  Flooding reported in Belle Fourche.	"Rapid City Journal (May 12, 1922)."																
"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	--	--	X	X	--	Spearfish Creek	Various	Spearfish	St. Onge	"Precipitation of 6.08 inches reported during a 24-hour period was reported  for what seems to be the Spearfish area.  The article also provides an earlier report that about  9 inches of water fell in less than 20 hours, with damage reports focusing on Spearfish and surrounding areas."	"Rapid City Journal (May 17, 1922)."																
"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	--	--	X	X	--	Spearfish Creek	Various	Spearfish	"Deadwood, Lead, and St. Onge"	"Article provided detailed report of very heavy precipitation totals, but dates are unclear.  Some precipitation came as snow and sleet, which helped reduce flood damage somewhat. Flooding reported in Spearfish."	"Weekly Pioneer Times (May 18, 1922)."																
"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	--	--	X	X	--	Spearfish Creek	Redwater River and others	"Spearfish, Belle Fourche"	St. Onge	"No report from Spearfish Valley provided, but severe damage implied.  Belle Fourche reported as under water.  St. Onge reported the highest water in the history of the town.  Redwater River reported as highest known as of date of article (1922)."	Weekly Pioneer Times (May 1922).																
"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	--	--	X	X	X	"Redwater River, Spearfish and Hay Creeks"	Various	Belle Fourche	Various	Lowland flooding reported near confluence of Hay Creek and Belle Fourche and Redwater Rivers.  Record flood reported on Redwater River at power house.  Widespread damage reported.	"Belle Fourche Bee (May 18, 1922)."																
"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	"May 10 to unknown date, 1922"	--	--	X	X	X	Spearfish Creek	Belle Fourche River	"Spearfish, Belle Fourche"	--	Article provided a summary of same information provided in several previous articles.	"Western Call (May 18, 1922)."																
May 1922	May 1922	--	--	--	X	X	Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers	--	--	--	Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers reported as exceptionally high; perhaps as high as 2 years ago in this area.  Heavy precipitation and flooding reported in the Black Hills area.	"White Owl Oracle (May 19, 1922)."																
"Aug. 3, 1922"	"Aug. 3, 1922"	--	--	--	X	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	First of several articles on heavy storm and associated flooding in Hot Springs.  	"Hot Springs Star (Aug. 3, 1922)."																
"Aug. 3, 1922"	"Aug. 3, 1922"	--	--	--	X	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Worst flood in many years destroyed 13 rail bridges and 2 highway bridges.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (Aug. 4, 1922)."																
"Aug. 3, 1922"	"Aug. 3, 1922"	--	--	--	X	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Report that eight rail bridges between Hot Springs and Buffalo Gap were washed out.	"Black Hills Press (Aug. 10, 1922)."																
"Aug. 3, 1922"	"Aug. 3, 1922"	--	--	--	X	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"More details provided on the August 3, 1922, flood.  Water reported as 3 feet deep in power plant, which is ordinarily 13 feet above the water."	"Hot Weekly Springs Star (April 18, 1946 reprint of Aug. 10, 1922 article)."																
--	"Apr. 12, 1923"	--	--	--	X	X	Cheyenne River	--	Edgemont	--	Highway bridge over Cheyenne River at Edgemont was out of commission.	"Hot Springs Star (Apr. 16, 1923)."																
June 1923	"June 6, 1923"	--	--	--	--	X	Boxelder Creek	--	New Underwood	--	Bridges near New Underwood damaged.	"Owanka Bee (June 7, 1923)."																
"June 3–5, 1923"	"June 6, 1923"	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	Wasta	New Underwood	Cheyenne River was out of its banks.  Rail damaged near New Underwood.	"Wasta Gazette (June 7, 1923)."																
June 1923	June 1923	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	Rains help crops.  Creeks reported as high.  Cheyenne River reported as near stage of 3 years earlier.	"White Owl Oracle (June 8, 1923)."																
--	June 1923	--	--	--	--	X	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	Damage to crops reported along Cheyenne River.	"Wasta Gazette (June 21, 1923)."																
"July 1, 1923"	"July 1, 1923"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	Deadwood	Heavy storm occurred in Deadwood.  Moderate flooding reported in Hot Springs.	"Rapid City Journal (July 2, 1923)."																
"July 1, 1923"	"July 1, 1923"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Moderate flood damage reported in Hot Springs.	"Rapid City Journal (July 3, 1923)."																
"July 9, 1923"	"July 9, 1923"	--	--	--	X	X	French and Laughing Water Creeks	--	Custer	--	"Reported as heaviest rain storm ever experienced as of date of article (1923).  Bridge damage along French Creek initially reported as severe, but subsequent correction reported much less damage."	"Custer Chronicle (July 14, 1923)."																
Sept. 1923	"Sept. 29, 1923"	--	--	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	Spearfish Creek	Belle Fourche	Whitewood	Belle Fourche River reported as highest ever experienced as of date of article (1923).  Stage was nearing floor of American Legion building.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (Sept. 30, 1923)."																
"Sept. 29–30, 1923"	"Oct. 1, 1923"	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River	--	Edgemont	--	Cheyenne River reported at highest point in many years.	"Edgemont Express (Oct. 5, 1923)."																
Sept.–Oct. 1923	Sept.–Oct. 1923	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	High water reported in Belle Fourche River.	"White Owl Oracle (Oct. 5, 1923)."																
--	"Feb. 13, 1924"	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	Flooding from ice jam reported.	"Wasta Gazette (Feb. 14, 1924)."																
--	"Feb., 1924"	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	--	--	Nisland	Flooding from ice jams reported. Nisland reported highest water in 15 years.	"Black Hills Press (Feb. 21, 1924)."																
--	Feb.–Mar. 1924	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	Continue flooding from ice jams reported along Belle Fourche River.	"Wasta Gazette (Mar. 6, 1924)."																
--	"Apr. 4–10, 1924"	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	Flood damage reported as worst in history of Belle Fourche as of date of article (1924). Flooding was caused by melting of heavy snow to the west and exacerbated by ice jamming.  American Legion building partly submerged.	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (Apr. 10, 1924)."																
--	"Apr. 8–9, 1924"	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	"Crest of Belle Fourche River was reported within 2 inches of American Legion Hall.  Stage receded 18 inches on morning of April 10, 1924, but was ""still higher than any previous high water mark.""  Residents of Belle Fourche reported that this was the worst flood in history of the town as of date of article (1924)."	"Black Hills Press (Apr. 10, 1924)."																
--	Apr. 1924	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	Primarily provides same information and damage reports as previous articles.	"Deadwood Daily Pioneer Times (Apr. 10, 1924)."																
--	Apr. 1924	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	New high water mark for Belle Fourche River was set 3 feet higher than previously registered.  Back water from Belle Fourche River pushed bridge 100 feet upstream in Redwater River.	"Belle Fourche Bee (Apr. 10, 1924)."																
--	Apr. 1924	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	"More information provided on same flood (April 1924).  Water was very high in Hulett, Wyo."	"Northwest Post - Belle Fourche (Apr. 10, 1924)."																
--	"Apr. 9–10, 1924"	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	"Flooding reported in Belle Fourche from rain on 5 feet of snow, with 55 families displaced."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	"Apr. 9, 1924"	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	"Peak flow of 22,400 ft3/s occurred on April 9, 1924, at station 06435500 (Belle Fourche River near Belle Fourche)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	Apr. 1924	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	Sundance and Sand Creeks	"Hulett and Beulah, Wyo."	--	"Additional information provided on the April 1924 flood.  Reported as highest known water level in Hulett, Wyo.  Flooding reported in Sundance Creek and near Beulah, Wyo., as of date of article (1924)."	"Queen City Mail (Apr. 16, 1924)."																
--	Apr. 1924	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	Not as much damage reported in areas downstream from Belle Fourche.	"New Underwood Times (Apr. 17, 1924)."																
--	Apr. 1924	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	Various streams in Wyoming	Belle Fourche	--	Article provided a brief account of flooding along Belle Fourche River and other streams in Wyoming.	"Sundance Times (Apr. 17, 1924)."																l
--	Apr. 1924	--	--	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	Reported that Minturn bridge on Sturgis road can not be crossed.	"White Owl Oracle (Apr. 18, 1924)."																
--	Apr. 1924	--	X	X	X	--	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	Article provided a brief account of flooding along Belle Fourche River.	"Deadwood Telegram (May 10, 1924)."																
"May 27, 1926"	"May 27, 1926"	--	--	--	--	--	Rapid City	--	"Sturgis, Deadwood"	--	"Rainfall of 3 inches in 3 hours reported in Rapid City, Sturgis, and Deadwood."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 22, 1926"	"June 22, 1926"	--	--	--	X	X	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	"Heavy storm occurred west of Buffalo Gap, with lowland flooding and crop damage reported."	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (June 26, 1926)."																
"May 5 to unknown date, 1927"	May 1927	--	--	X	X	X	Cheyenne and Bad Rivers	White and Missouri Rivers	--	--	Heavy flooding occurred from prolonged precipitation through much of western South Dakota.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
May 1927	May 1927	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Reported as worst May storm in 22 years.  Heavy stock losses reported from snow that followed 4 days of rain.	"Black Hills Press (May 12, 1927)."																
May 1927	"May 8–9, 1927"	--	--	--	X	X	Belle Fourche River	Cheyenne River	--	--	Article provided brief account of flood damage along the Belle Fourche and Cheyenne Rivers.	"Wasta Gazette (May 12, 1927)."																
May 1927	May 1927	--	--	--	X	X	Boxelder and Elk Creeks	--	--	--	Widespread high water and flooding from prolonged precipitation reported.	"New Underwood Times (May 12, 1927)."																
May 1927	May 1927	--	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne River	--	--	"Heavy snow, high water, and rail damage reported.  Old timers say they have never seen more moisture."	"Wasta Gazette (May 12, 1927)."																
May 1927	May 1927	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	--	--	Prolonged precipitation and lowland flooding reported.	"Oelrichs Advocate (May 12, 1927)."																
May 1927	"May 9, 1927"	--	X	X	X	X	Sulphur Creek	Red Owl Creek	--	--	Sulphur Creek reported as higher by almost 8 feet than during any other high water. 	"White Owl Oracle (May 13, 1927)."																
--	"May 13, 1927"	--	--	--	X	X	Belle Fourche River	--	Belle Fourche	--	"Peak flow of 8,250 ft3/s occurred on May 13, 1927, at station 06435500 (Belle Fourche River near Belle Fourche)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
May 1927	May 1927	--	X	X	X	X	Many	--	Many	--	Widespread heavy flooding reported over large parts of western South Dakota.	"Custer Chronicle (May 14, 1927)."																
May 1927	May 1927	--	--	--	X	X	Boxelder Creek	--	Owanka	--	Flood took out both bridges across Boxelder Creek near Owanka.	"Wasta Gazette (May 19, 1927)."																
May 1927	May 1927	--	--	--	X	X	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	Bridge across Belle Fourche River reported as impassable.	"White Owl Oracle (May 20, 1927)."																
--	May 1927	--	X	--	--	--	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	"USGS records indicate a stage of 21.8 feet during May 1927 at station 06438000 (Belle Fourche River near Elm Springs).  The discharge is unknown, but this is the highest known stage by about 2 feet (followed by 20.00 feet in 1933 and 19.73 feet in 2008)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	--	--	--	--	--	--	Beaver Creek	--	--	--	USGS records (Annual Data reports) indicate a 1927 flood stage of 18.0 feet for station 06402500 (Beaver Creek near Buffalo Gap).	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 19, 1927"	"June 19-20, 1927"	--	--	X	X	--	"Cold Brook, Fall River"	--	Hot Springs	--	Two people drowned when the crest of flood waters on Cold Brook struck the car in which they were crossing the bridge at the northern end of Hot Springs.	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (June 21, 1927)"																
--	"June 30, 1927"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Photographs show minor flooding occurred in Hot Springs.	Photographs by Fall River County Historical Society																
--	"Mar. 12, 1928"	--	--	--	--	--	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 9,660 ft3/s occurred on March 12, 1928, at station 06435500 (Belle Fourche River near Belle Fourche)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"Apr. 8, 1929"	--	--	--	--	--	Belle Fourche River	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 15,000 ft3/s occurred on April 8, 1929, at station 06435500 (Belle Fourche River near Belle Fourche)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"May 6, 1932"	--	X	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 16,000 ft3/s occurred on May 6, 1932, at station 06422000 (Rapid Creek at Creston)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"May 22, 1933"	"May 23, 1933"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	Various	Various	--	Widespread storm reported.  Rapid Creek was high at Mystic.  Bear Butte Creek was over the highway near Ft. Meade for the first time in history.  Flooding reported in Spearfish.	"Rapid City Journal (May 23, 1933)."																
"May 22–23, 1933"	"May 23, 1933"	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	Spearfish Creek	Lead	Spearfish and others	"Widespread storm reported; Lead received about 4.8 inches of rain in 12 hours.  Worst flooding since 1910 reported in Spearfish.  A later May 31, 1946, article refers to substantial rail damage in Spearfish Canyon from 1933 flooding."	"Lead Call (May 23, 1933)."																
"May 22–23, 1933"	"May 23, 1933"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	Bear Butte and Battle Creeks	Various	Various	"Article provided similar information as other articles for May 23, 1933.  High water reported in Custer State Park."	"Hot Springs Star (May 23, 1933)."																
"May 22–23, 1933"	"May 23, 1933"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	Bear Butte Creek	--	--	"Article provided similar information as other articles for May 23, 1933.  "	"Lead Call (May 23, 1933)."																
"May 22–23, 1933"	"May 23, 1933"	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	Various	Deadwood	Various	"Article provided similar information as other articles for May 23, 1933.  Extensive damage reported to area roads."	"Deadwood Pioneer Times (May 24, 1933)."																
--	"May 24, 1933"	--	X	X	X	--	Cheyenne River	--	--	--	"Peak of record flow of 114,000 ft3/s occurred on May 24, 1933, at station 06439500 (Cheyenne River near Eagle Butte)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 22, 1933"	"June 22, 1933"	--	--	--	--	X	Beaver Creek	--	--	--	"Beaver Creek reported as highest in several years, with some damage reports provided."	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (June 23, 1933)."																
"Aug. 26–28, 1933"	Aug.–Sept. 1933	--	--	X	X	X	Cheyenne River	White River	--	--	Cheyenne River reported as highest since 1926.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (Sept. 1, 1933)."																
"July 26, 1934"	"July 26, 1934"	--	--	--	X	X	Beaver Creek	Elm Creek	Buffalo Gap	--	"Beaver Creek reached ""highest stage in years.""  Water was 1 foot deep in streets of Buffalo Gap."	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (July 27, 1934)."																
"May 31, 1935"	"May 31, 1935"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	Black Hawk	Rapid Creek reported as out of its banks in several places.	"Rapid City Journal (May 31, 1935)."																
"May 31, 1935"	"May 31, 1935"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	Various	--	--	Minor flooding in Rapid City reported with good rains throughout much of the Black Hills area.	"Rapid City Journal (May 31, 1935)."																
June 1935	June 1935	--	--	--	X	X	Various	Various	--	--	Moderate damage reported to highways and rail lines from recent flooding.	"Rapid City Journal (June 3, 1935)."																
June 1935	June 1935	--	--	--	X	X	Old Woman Creek	Hat Creek	--	--	"Heavy, widespread rains reported.  Old Woman Creek reported as highest level ever seen as of date of article (1935)."	"Edgemont Tribune (June 5, 1935)."																
"May 31, 1935"	"May 31, 1935"	--	--	--	X	X	Boxelder Creek	--	New Underwood	Box Elder	Lowland flooding reported in New Underwood.	"New Underwood Times (June 6, 1935)."																
"June 17, 1937"	"June 17, 1937"	--	--	--	--	X	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	Beaver Creek exceeded capacity of rail bridge.	"Buffalo Gap Gazette (June 18, 1937)."																
"June 17, 1937"	"June 17–18, 1937"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Severe flood occurred along Fall River, with 13 rail bridges and 8 city bridges destroyed.  The 1937 flood is specifically mentioned in the article ""prelude"" as being larger than the ""smaller floods"" of 1938 and 1941."	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (April 18, 1946 reprint of June 18, 1937 article)."																
"June 17, 1937"	"June 17–18, 1937"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Substantial damage reported in Hot Springs from severe flood along Fall River.	"Rapid City Journal (June 18, 1937)."																
"June 17, 1937"	"June 17–18, 1937"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Flooding along Fall River caused substantial damage in Hot Springs.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 17, 1937"	"June 17–18, 1937"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	--	--	Photograph showing aftermath of 1937 flood in Hot Springs	Original photos courtesy of Hot Springs Public Library and Rapid City Journal.																
June 1937	June 1937	--	--	--	--	X	Ash Creek	--	--	--	Vehicle was swept downstream in flood.	"Black Hills Press (June 20, 1937)."																
"June 17, 1937"	"June 17–18, 1937"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Two scanned articles available; one relating flood damage and one relating an account by the late Joe Petty ""that the Indians showed him water marks halfway up the cliff"" in Hot Springs."	"Rapid City Journal and Hot Springs Evening Star (June 21, 1937)."																
"June 17, 1937"	"June 17, 1937"	--	X	X	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Hydroelectric dam damaged.	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (June 22, 1937)."																
"July 10, 1937"	"July 10, 1937"	--	--	X	X	--	Hay Creek	--	Belle Fourche	--	About 50 residences along Hay Creek flooded. 	"Lead Call (July 10, 1937)."																
"July 10 and 12, 1937"	"July 10 and 12, 1937"	--	--	X	X	X	Hay Creek	--	"Belle Fourche, Vale"	--	"Second flood reported along Hay Creek in 3 days.  Earlier flood (July 10, 1937) was largest along Hay Creek since 1923 and caused worst flooding in Belle Fourche since 1924 (as of date of article).  Almost 6 inches of rain fell in deluge near Vale."	"Belle Fourche Post (July 13, 1937)."																
"July 10–12, 1937"	"July 10 and 12, 1937"	--	--	--	X	X	Hay Creek	--	--	--	Two floods along Hay Creek and heavy rain near Vale were mentioned.  Reported that 7 inches of rain fell in upper Horse Creek.  Large benefits from widespread rains reported.	"Rapid City Journal (July 14, 1937)."																
"July 23, 1938"	"July 23–24, 1938"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	Cheyenne River	Rapid City	--	Lowland flooding in Rapid City and some road damage east of Rapid City reported.	"Rapid City Journal (June 24, 1938)."																
"Sept. 4, 1938"	"Sept. 4, 1938"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Peak of record flow of 13,100 ft3/s occurred on September 4, 1938, at station 06402000 (Fall River at Hot Springs)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"Sept. 4, 1938"	"Sept. 4, 1938"	--	X	X	--	--	Beaver Creek	--	Buffalo Gap	--	"Peak of record flow of 11,700 ft3/s occurred on September 4, 1938, at station 06402500 (Beaver Creek near Buffalo Gap)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"Sept. 4, 1938"	--	--	--	X	--	Cheyenne and Belle Fourche Rivers	Fall River	Hot Springs	--	"September 4, 1938, flood on Lame Johnny Creek reported as worst in 35 years.  Flood on same date in Hot Springs was less severe than flood of June 17, 1937."	"Rapid City Journal (Sept. 24, 1938)."																
"Sept. 4, 1938"	"Sept. 4, 1938"	--	--	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Article reported that the  1938 flood was higher in Hot Springs by about 1 foot than the  1937 flood, however, farther down the canyon the 1937 water level exceeded that of 1938 by about 3 feet."	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (Sept. 6, 1938)"																
July 1941	July 1941	--	--	--	X	X	Dry Creek	Various	Sturgis	--	Some rail and highway damage from heavy rains and high water reported throughout widespread area.	"Valley Irrigator (June 12, 1941)."																
July 1941	July 1941	--	--	--	--	X	--	Crow Creek	--	--	"Area streams were high from widespread, prolonged precipitation."	"Valley Irrigator (June 19, 1941)."																
Aug.1941	"Aug. 6, 1941"	--	--	X	X	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Peak flow of 4,700 ft3/s occurred on August 6, 1941, at station 06402000 (Fall River at Hot Springs)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
1943	"June 13, 1943"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 936 ft3/s reported for Rapid Creek for June 13, 1943."	Miller (1986). 																
"July 12, 1944"	"July 12, 1944"	--	--	--	--	X	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	"Article reported 2.34 inches of rain fell on July 12, 1944, in Hot Springs in an hour."	"Hot Springs Weekly Star (July 20, 1944)."																
Apr.–May 1946	"May 1–2, 1946"	--	--	--	X	X	Bear Butte Creek	--	Sturgis	--	Nearly 7 inches of rain reported for past 2 days at Deadwood.  Several homes along Bear Butte Creek were moved because of flood threat.	"Rapid City Journal (May 2, 1946)."																
Apr.–May 1946	"May 1–2, 1946"	--	--	--	X	X	Whitewood Creek	Bear Butte Creek	Deadwood	Sturgis	Street damage reported for Deadwood.  Additional damage along Bear Butte Creek reported.	"Rapid City Journal (May 3, 1946)."																
Apr.–May 1946	"May 1–2, 1946"	--	--	--	X	X	Bear Butte Creek	--	Sturgis	--	Congressional committee ordered review by army engineers of possible flood improvements along Bear Butte Creek; instigated by  flooding of recent days.	"Rapid City Journal (May 4, 1946)."																
--	"May 24, 1946"	--	--	X	X	X	Bear Butte Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 9,800 ft3/s occurred on May 24, 1946, at station 06437500 (Bear Butte Creek near Sturgis)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
May 1946	May 1946	--	--	X	--	--	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	"May rainfall at Lead (?) broke 41-year record.  Spearfish Creek reported to be as high as during flood of 1933, when rail bed in Spearfish Canyon was washed out."	"Lead Call (May 31, 1946)."																
May 1946	May 1946	--	--	--	X	X	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	Damage in Spearfish area reported to be most severe since early 1930s.  Army engineers arrived to investigate flood damages.	"Queen City Mail (May 4, 1946)."																
May 1946	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	"Lead, Deadwood"	--	Precipitation totals for May 1946 of 18.61 inches for Deadwood and 15.31 inches for Lead provided. Indicates that very wet conditions existed in May 1946 for this area.	Driscoll and others (2000). 																
--	"July 18, 1946"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 1,000 ft3/s reported for Rapid Creek for July 18, 1946."	Miller (1986). 																
--	1946	--	--	--	--	--	Redwater River and Hay Creek	--	--	--	"Article listed major flood years for Redwater River as 1906, 1922, 1935, 1941, and 1946; and for Hay Creek as 1923, 1926, 1930, 1937, and 1940."	"Rapid City Journal (Oct. 22, 1946)."																
"June 20, 1947"	"June 20, 1947"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Fall River reported as highest since 1938.	"Edgemont Tribune (June 25, 1947)."																
"June 20, 1947"	"June 20, 1947"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 8,300 ft3/s occurred on June 20, 1947, at station 06402000 (Fall River at Hot Springs).  This was the last large peak flow prior to the construction of two flood-control reservoirs within Fall River Basin."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 17, 1947"	"June 17–18, 1947"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Hot Springs	--	Flooding along Fall River caused substantial damage in Hot Springs.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 20, 1947"	"June 20, 1947"	--	X	X	--	--	Fall River	--	Spearfish	"Deadwood, Spearfish"	Flash flood occurred in Hot Springs.  Wet conditions existed near Deadwood and Spearfish.	"Queen City Mail (June 26, 1947)."																
--	"June 24, 1947"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 1,170 ft3/s reported for Rapid Creek for June 24, 1947."	Miller (1986). 																
"Aug. 15, 1949"	"Aug. 15, 1949"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Flash flooding occurred along Rapid Creek.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	"Aug. 15, 1949"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid City	--	Heavy rain reported in western part of Rapid City.	Miller (1986). 																
"May 21–22, 1952"	"May 21–22, 1952"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	Various	Rapid City	--	Flooding occurred in many streams from widespread rains throughout Black Hills area.	"Rapid City Journal (May 22, 1952)."																
"May 22, 1952"	"May 22–23, 1952"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	"Deadwood, Sturgis"	Damage reported for Canyon Lake area of western Rapid City.  Heavy rains reported for other areas.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	"May 23, 1952"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 2,540 ft3/s reported for Rapid Creek for May 23, 1952."	Miller (1986). 																
--	"May 23,24, 1952"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flows of 2,540 ft3/s on May 23, 1952, at station 06414000 (Rapid Creek at Rapid City) and 1,770 ft3/s on May 24, 1952, at station 06421500 (Rapid Creek near Farmingdale) occurred on Rapid Creek."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"May 23, 1952"	--	--	X	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	Aerial photographs showed flooding for Rapid Creek east of Rapid City.	USGS aerial photos 																
--	"May 23, 1954"	--	--	X	X	--	Hat Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 9,430 ft3/s occurred on May 23, 1954, at station 06400000 (Hat Creek near Edgemont); second only to peak flow of 13,300 ft3/s on June 16, 1967."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"July 28, 1955"	"July 28, 1955"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	"Rochford, Mystic"	--	Heavy rain and minor flooding reported for Rochford and Mystic area.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"July 28, 1955"	"July 28, 1955"	--	--	X	X	--	Castle and Rapid Creeks	--	Rochford	--	Indirect measurements of peak flow reported for nine sites where large flows occurred.	Wells (1962). 																
"July 28, 1955"	"July 28, 1955"	--	--	--	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 1,520 ft3/s on July 28, 1955, at station 06410500 (Rapid Creek above Pactola Reservoir)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 20, 1960"	1960	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	"Rapid City, New Underwood"	--	Heavy storm reported for the Rapid City and New Underwood area.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"May 15–22, 1962"	"May 22, 1962"	--	--	--	--	X	Bear Butte Creek	--	Sturgis	--	"Article reported 7.93 inches of rain in Sturgis between May 15 and May 22, 1962.  Bear Butte Creek was running high in Boulder Canyon."	"Sturgis Tribune. (May 23, 1962)."																
May 1962	May–June 1962	--	--	--	--	X	Alkali Creek	--	Sturgis	--	Alkali Creek was running high following recent rains.	"Sturgis Tribune. (June 6, 1962)."																
"June 15, 1962"	"June 15–16, 1962"	--	X	X	--	--	Bear Butte Creek	Deadman and Spring Creeks	Sturgis	--	"Almost 4.5 inches of rain reported for June 15 in Sturgis.  Severe flooding reported with evacuations and destruction of homes, highways, and infrastructure."	"Black Hills Press. (June 16, 1962)."																
"June 15, 1962"	"June 15–16, 1962"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	Bear Butte Creek	Rapid City	"Sturgis, Whitewood, St. Onge"	Substantial storm damage and flooding reported from Rapid City to Sturgis to Whitewood.  Reported an unofficial 2-day rainfall total of 8.15 inches near Piedmont.	"Rapid City Journal. (June 16, 1962)."																
"June 16, 1962"	"June 16–17, 1962"	--	--	X	X	X	Rapid Creek	Others	Rapid City	"Sturgis, others"	Second heavy storm in 2 days reported for Rapid City and other parts of the Black Hills.  Flooding generally was less severe than for the storm of the previous day.	"Rapid City Journal. (June 17, 1962)."																
--	"June 15–16, 1962"	--	X	X	--	--	Bear Butte Creek	--	Sturgis	--	"Article reported that a 1957 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers flood plan was not implemented because of lack of local support.  Also reported that 14 inches of rain fell between 5 and 11 p.m. on June 15, 1962, in Whitewood. "	"Black Hills Press. (June 23, 1962)."																
"July 13–14, 1962"	"July 13–14, 1962"	--	--	--	--	X	Bear Butte Creek	Deadman Creek	Sturgis	--	"Reported that 1.46 inches of rain fell in 24 hours that ended July 14, 1962, but did not cause flood damage. "	"Black Hills Press. (July 14, 1962)."																
"July 13, 1962"	"July 13, 1962"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Substantial flooding reported along Rapid Creek.  Reported that as much as 3 or 4 inches of rain fell west of town.	"Rapid City Journal. (July 14, 1962)."																
"July 13, 1962"	"July 13, 1962"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Additional information provided about substantial damage from flooding along Rapid Creek.	"Rapid City Journal. (July 15, 1962)."																
June 1962	"June 15, 1962"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	Various	"Minor flooding reported for Rapid City on June 15, 1962, and subsequent dates.  Heavy rains and flood damage reported throughout northern Black Hills during late June."	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"July 13, 1962"	"July 13, 1962"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	Heavy rain and flooding reported for Rapid City.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"July 13, 1962"	"July 13, 1962"	--	--	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 3,300 ft3/s occurred on July 13, 1962, for station 06414000 (Rapid Creek at Rapid City) after 3.4 inches of rain in Rapid City."	Miller (1986); U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"July 13, 1962"	"July 13, 1962"	--	X	--	--	--	Cleghorn Canyon	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 2,920 ft3/s occurred on July 13, 1962, at station 440325103182500 along Cleghorn Canyon."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	May–June1962	--	--	X	X	X	"Elk Creek, Redwater River, Bear Butte Creek"	--	--	--	"High flows reported for several streams along northeastern flank of Black Hills in 1962.  Noteworthy peak flows include 7,040 ft3/s on May 29 at station 06425500 (Elk Creek near Elm Springs); 16,400 ft3/s on June 16 at station 06433000 (Redwater River above Belle Fourche); and 12,700 ft3/s on June 16 at station 06437500 (Bear Butte Creek near Sturgis)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"June 9, 1964"	--	--	X	X	--	Spearfish Creek	--	Spearfish	--	"Peak flow of 3,040 ft3/s occurred on June 9, 1964, at station 06431500 (Spearfish Creek at Spearfish)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"May 15, 1965"	"May 15, 1965"	--	--	X	X	X	Spearfish and Rapid Creeks	Various	Spearfish	Various	Heavy rain on snow caused flooding in Spearfish and many other areas.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	"May 14–15, 1965"	--	--	X	X	X	Various	--	--	--	"High flows in many streams in central and northern Black Hills in May 1965.  Noteworthy peak flows include a peak of record flow of 2,060 ft3/s on May 15 at  station 06410500 (Rapid Creek above Pactola Reservoir); and peak flows of 4,240 ft3/s on May 15 at station 06431500 (Spearfish Creek at Spearfish); 1,060 ft3/s on May 14 at station 06432200 (Polo Creek near Whitewood); and 8,480 ft3/s on May 15 at station 06433000 (Redwater River above Belle Fourche)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"June 11, 1965"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 706 ft3/s reported for Rapid Creek on June 11, 1965."	Miller (1986). 																
--	"June 16, 1967"	--	X	X	X	--	Hat Creek	--	--	--	"Peak of record flow of 13,300 ft3/s occurred on June 16, 1967, at station 06400000 (Hat Creek near Edgemont)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	X	X	X	X	--	Rapid Creek	Various	Rapid City	Various	Various details provided for worst known storm and flooding since European settlement of the Black Hills area.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	X	--	--	--	--	Rapid Creek	--	Rapid City	--	"Peak flow of 50,000 ft3/s reported for Rapid Creek on June 9, 1972."	Miller (1986). 																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	X	X	X	X	--	Many	Many	--	--	"Large peak flows occurred for many streams in Black Hills area, with peaks of record for many.  "	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	X	X	X	X	--	Many	Many	--	--	"Documented the storm, flood, and damage from the 1972 event. Nearly 15 inches of rain fell in about 6 hours near Nemo and more than 10 inches of rain fell over a 60 square-mile area. "	Schwarz and others (1975).																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	X	X	X	X	--	Many	Many	--	--	Fact sheet recounted the 1972 flood 25 years after the event that claimed the lives of 238 people.	Carter and others (2002).																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	X	X	--	--	--	Rapid Creek	Many	Rapid City	Many	Web page describes 1972 flood event and provides photographs.	http://www.crh.noaa.gov/unr/?n=1972_Flood																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	X	X	--	--	--	Rapid Creek	Many	Rapid City	Many	Web page describes 1972 flood event and provides photographs.	http://sd.water.usgs.gov/projects/1972flood/																
"June 9–10, 1972"	"June 9–10, 1972"	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	"The 1972 flood event was one of the most severe flash flood events in US history in terms of loss of life.  Numerous documents proving more details are available; however, providing a comprehensive bibliography is beyond the intended scope of this product."	Numerous unlisted sources.																
"June 8, 1975"	"June 8, 1975"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid City	--	Almost 2.5 inches of rain fell in 30 minutes in the Rapid City area.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 13–16, 1976"	June 1976	--	--	X	X	X	--	--	Various	--	Substantial damage reported for the northern Black Hills from prolonged heavy rain and flooding.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008).																
--	"June 15–16, 1976"	--	--	X	X	X	Various	--	--	--	"High flows in many streams in northern Black Hills in June 1976.  Noteworthy peak flows include 1,460 ft3/s on June 15 at station 06425500 (Elk Creek near Elm Springs); 3,870 ft3/s on June 15  at station 06431500 (Spearfish Creek at Spearfish); 6,780 ft3/s on June 15 at station 06433000 (Redwater River above Belle Fourche); and 16,700 ft3/s on June 15 at station 06436700 (Indian Creek near Arpan)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"July 23, 1981"	"July 23, 1981"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Rapid City	--	Minor flooding of Rapid City streets reported.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
--	"June 9, 1982"	--	--	X	X	--	"Spearfish Creek, Horse Creek, Belle Fourche River"	"Redwater River, Whitewood Creek"	--	--	"Peaks of record flow were recorded for stations along Horse Creek (station 06436700) and the Belle Fourche River (station 06437000).  Large peak flows also were recorded along Spearfish Creek, Redwater River, and Whitewood Creek."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
1991	1991	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	Keystone	--	Minor flooding of roads reported.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
May–Aug.1993	May–Aug.1993	--	--	--	--	X	Battle Creek	--	Keystone	Rapid City	Minor flooding for three separate dates reported.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). (3 entries). 																
"May 7–9, 1995"	"May 7–9, 1995"	--	--	--	--	X	--	--	"Hill City , Rapid City"	--	Flooding and damage of roads reported.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). (2 entries). 																
--	"May 8–9, 1995"	--	--	--	X	X	Various	--	--	--	"Relatively small peak flows reported for several streams in southern Black Hills, including French, Battle, Grace Goolidge, and Spring Creeks.  Larger peak flows reported for many streams in northern Black Hills, including Redwater River and Spearfish, Hay, Whitewood, and Bear Butte Creeks.  Peaks of record were established on May 8, 1995, at four stations along Whitewood Creek."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"May 30, 1996"	"May 30, 1996"	--	--	X	X	--	Spring Creek	--	--	--	Severe storm documented along Spring Creek south of Rapid City.  	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008).																
"May 30, 1996"	"May 30, 1996"	--	--	X	X	--	Spring Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 6,910 ft3/s occurred on May 30, 1996, at station 06408500 (Spring Creek near Hermosa); second only to 1972 peak flow of 13,400 ft3/s."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"June 14, 1996"	"June 14, 1996"	--	--	X	X	--	Alkali Creek	--	--	--	Various damage reported from severe storm along Alkali Creek of Sturgis.  	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008).																
"June 14, 1996"	"June 14, 1996"	--	--	X	X	--	Alkali Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 16,900 ft3/s occurred on June 14, 1996, at station 442205103073200 along Alkali Creek."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"May 24, 1997"	"May 24, 1997"	--	--	--	--	X	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	Minor flooding reported along Rapid Creek and tributaries from 4 to 5 inches of rain.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008).																
"June 2, 1997"	"June 2, 1997"	--	--	--	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	--	--	Flooding along Rapid Creek and tributaries from as much as 4.5 inches of rain in 30 minutes.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"June 14, 1997"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	East of Sturgis	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"June 23–24, 1998"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	East of Sturgis	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"June 18, 1999"	"June 18, 1999"	--	--	--	X	X	Battle Creek	--	Keystone	--	Damage from heavy rains along Battle Creek reported.  	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). & radar image.																
"June 18, 1999"	"June 18, 1999"	--	--	--	X	X	Battle Creek	--	--	--	"Peak flow of 2,000 ft3/s occurred on June 18, 1999, at station 06404000 (Battle Creek near Keystone); second only to 1972 peak flow of 26,200 ft3/s."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"Aug. 7, 1999"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	Northwest of Custer	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"July 21, 2001"	"July 21, 2001"	--	--	--	--	X	Battle Creek	--	Keystone	--	Some damage from localized flooding in Keystone reported.	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008). 																
"July 5, 2003"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	"Nemo, Rockerville"	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"May 6–7, 2005"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	"Hot Springs, Red Shirt"	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"May 19, 2007"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	"Lead, Rochford"	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"May 28, 2007"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	"Lead, Spearfish"	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"June 21, 2007"	--	--	--	--	X	X	--	--	Newcastle	--	No information is available regarding magnitudes of any associated peak flows.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
"Aug. 17, 2007"	"Aug. 17, 2007"	--	X	X	X	X	--	--	Hermosa	Piedmont	Severe hail damage near Piedmont and substantial flooding along Battle Creek near Hermosa.  	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 																
--	"Aug. 17, 2007"	--	X	X	X	X	Battle Creek	--	Hermosa	Piedmont	"Peak flow of 18,600 ft3/s occurred on August 17, 2007, at station 06406000 (Battle Creek at Hermosa); second only to 1972 peak flow of 21,400 ft3/s."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
"July 6–7, 2008"	"July 6–7, 2008"	--	--	X	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rochford	--	High flows in Rapid Creek extended from Pactola Reservoir to upstream from Rochford.  Flood damage was limited primarily to relatively minor damage to various roads.	Radar image from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2008).																
"July 6–7, 2008"	"July 6–7, 2008"	--	X	X	X	X	Rapid Creek	--	Rochford	--	"Peak flow of 400 ft3/s occurred on July 7, 2008, at station 06408850 (Silver Creek near Rochford); next largest peak flows were 14 ft3/s (1976 and 1978).  Peak flow of 1,640 ft3/s occurred on July 7, 2008, at station 06410500 (Rapid Creek above Pactola Reservoir), which was second only to 1965 peak flow of 2,060 ft3/s."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
--	"April 14, 2009"	--	--	--	--	X	Belle Fourche River	--	Elm Springs	--	"Peak flow of 29,500 ft3/s occurred on April 14, 2009, at station 06438000 (Belle Fourche River near Elm Springs)."	U.S. Geological Survey (2009). 																
1 All newspaper articles used as source documentation in this chronology are available from U.S. Geological Survey (2010a).